Bihar Board Class 8 English Solution Chapter 9: Sikkim

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Subject	English (Radiance Part 3)
Chapter	9. Sikkim
Class	8th
Category	Bihar Board Class 8 Solutions

Bihar Board Class 8 English Solution Chapter 9

Sikkim

A. Warmer

Question 1. Have you ever visited a mountainous state ? If yes, tell the class about its people, food habits, dresses, climate etc.
Answer:

Yes, I have visited a mountainous state called Ooty. The people there lead a simple life and are known for their warm hospitality. They wear traditional clothes like sarees and dhotis. The local cuisine includes both vegetarian and non-vegetarian dishes, with a preference for spicy flavors. The climate in Ooty is pleasant and cool throughout the year.

B. Let’s Comprehend

B. 1. Think And Tell

Question 1. Why is Sikkim considered a tiny state?

Answer: Sikkim is India’s least populated state, with a small area and relatively few inhabitants. This makes it seem tiny compared to other states in India.

Question 2. By which plateau is Sikkim bounded in the north? What is in the north of India?

Answer: The mighty Tibetan Plateau borders Sikkim to the north. The Himalayas, a vast mountain range, stretch along the northern part of India.

Question 3. When did Sikkim become a state of India? When did Bihar become a state?

Answer: Sikkim became a state of India in 1975, while Bihar became a state much earlier in 1912. Bihar Day is celebrated on March 22nd to mark this occasion.

Question 4. The word ‘Sikkim’ is a combination of which two words? What do they mean? Can you tell how Bihar got its name?

Answer: “Sikkim” combines “Su” meaning “new” and “Khyim” meaning “palace” or “house.” So, Sikkim translates to “New Place.” Bihar’s name comes from the Pali word “Vihara” meaning “abode,” referring to the many Buddhist monasteries that once dotted the region.

Question 5. Who are the prime inhabitants of Sikkim ?
Answer: Lepchas, the Nepalese and the Bhutias are the prime inhabitants of Sikkim.

B. 2. Think and Write

B. 2. 1. Say whether the following are true or false according to the passage. Write’T’ for true and ‘F’ false.

1. Sikkim is a tiny mountainous state in western Himalayas.
2. Sikkim became the 21s’ state of India in 1975.
3. Gangtok is the capital of Sikkim.
4. English and Hindi are not spoken in Sikkim.
5. Sikkim is the biggest producer of cardamom in India.
6. The mineral mines in Sikkim are gold and silver.
7. The people of Sikkim mostly follow Hinduism.

Answer:

1. False
2. False
3. True
4. False
5. True
6. False
7. False

B. 2. 2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words.

Question 1. Write the boundary of Sikkim.

Answer: Sikkim is bordered by Nepal in the west, Bhutan in the east, Tibet (China) in the north, and West Bengal in the south.

Question 2. What is the Tibetan name of Sikkim? What does it mean?

Answer: Sikkim’s Tibetan name is “Denjong,” which means “valley of rice.” This reflects Sikkim’s history of rice cultivation.

Question 3. Which is the guardian deity of Sikkim? What do you know about it?

Answer: Kanchenjunga, the world’s third-highest mountain, is revered as Sikkim’s guardian deity. It’s a majestic peak that holds cultural significance for the people of Sikkim.

Question 4. What are the chief flora and fauna found in Sikkim?

Answer: Sikkim boasts a variety of plants and animals. Rhododendron (the state flower) and orchids fill the lower areas, while snow leopards and red pandas inhabit the higher regions.

B. 2. 3. Answer the following questions in not more than 50 words.

Question 1. How many districts are there in Sikkim ? Write them with their respective headquarters. Do you know how many districts are there in our state ?
Answer: Sikkim is divided into four districts – East Sikkim (headquarter Gangtok), West Sikkim (headquarter Geyzing), North Sikkim (headquarter Mangan), and South Sikkim (headquarter Namchi). Our state Bihar has 38 districts.

Question 2. Which birds are found in Sikkim ? Name some of them.
Answer: Sikkim is home to a variety of bird species, including the Impeyan pheasant, crimson horned pheasant, snow partridge, snow rooster, lammergeyer and griffon vultures, golden eagles, quails, plovers, woodcocks, sandpipers, pigeons, babblers, and robins.

Question 3. Write about the inhabitants and languages of Sikkim.
Answer: The main inhabitants of Sikkim are the Lepchas, Nepalese, and Bhutias. Nepali is the lingua franca (commonly spoken language) of Sikkim. Other languages spoken there are English, Hindi, Bhutia, Gurung, Lepcha, Limbu, Magar, Newari, Rai, Sherpa, Sunuwar, and Tamang.

Question 4. Which are the main festivals of India ? Can you name some festivals of Bihar ?
Answer: The major festivals celebrated across India are Holi, Diwali, Dussehra, Eid, and Christmas. Some of the popular festivals in Bihar are Chhath, Holi, Diwali, Dussehra, and Rakhi.

C. Word study

C. 1. Fill in the blanks with the suitable words from the box. high hill mined follow eastern flower festivals

1. Sikkim is in the heart of Himalayas.
2. Literally Gangtok means
3. The orchid Dendrobium nobile is the state of Sikkim.
4. The minerals in Sikkim are copper, dolomite etc.
5. The people of Sikkim mostly Buddhism.
6. The popular of Sikkim are Losar, Losoong, etc.

Answer:

1. eastern
2. high hills
3. flower
4. mined
5. follow
6. festivals

C. 2. Given below are some words in jumble. Correct them. One has been done for you.

vaylle – valley

Question 1.
Jumbled words Correct:
(snouiatuomn, dneduob, tsbae, tvalifse, einrn)
Answer:

• Snouiatuomn – mountainous
• dneduob – bounded
• tsbae – beast
• tvalifse – festival
• einm – mine

C. 3. Match the word given in column ‘A’ with their meanings in column ‘B’.

Question 1.

Grammar

Fill in the blanks with the suitable prepositions given in the box below.

Question 1.
(of, for, off, on, at, to)

1. He has come here ……….. treatment.
2. Switch ……….. the light.
3. Our M.P. is ……….. hunger strike.
4. Seema is fond ……….. sweats.
5. Look ……….. the picture.
6. I prefer tea ……….. coffee.

Answer:

1. for
2. off
3. on
4. of
5. at
6. to

D. 2. Look at the following sentences from the lesson.

a. Sikkim is’ divided into four districts which include
b. Sikkim is predominantly inhabitated by the Lepchas, the Nepalese, and the Bhutias.

These two sentences are in the passive voice. The passive voice is formed by using a form of be + past participle. It is sometimes followed with a by phrase;
e.g., Godan was written by Premchand.

The active voice focuses on the person who performs the action;
e.g., in ‘Premchand wrote Godan.’ whereas the passive voice focuses on the receiver of the action.

When the verb is in the active voice, the subject performs the action. When the verb is in the passive voice, the subject receives the action.

Active : The man ate the fish.
Passive : The fish was eaten by the man.

Passive voice can be used with different tenses and with modals. The tense of the sentence is shown by the verb be. You can use the past participle with every tense. You can see in the following table how the verb in active sentence are changed in passive sentences.

We don’t use do/does/did with the passive voice.
The movie wasn’t made in Ranchi.
(NOTE : The movie didn’t made/make in Ranchi.)
If two verbs in the passive voice are connected with and, we do not repeat be.
The Oscar ceremony is televised and seen by millions of people.
There is a difference in pronouns in an active sentence and a passive sentence. After by, the object pronoun is used.

• ACTIVE: She saw him.
• PASSIVE : He was seen by her.
• ACTIVE: They helped us.
• PASSIVE: We were helped by them.

D. 2. 1. Pick out five active sentences and five passive sentences from the following text.

I was given three movie passes for my birthday. I invited two of my friends to go with me. We went to a new movie : theatre/cinema hall in Patna. We saw a movie that was directed by Prakash tha. This was my first time in a movie the atre/cinema hall, and several things happened that were unusual for me.

I was surprised that people w ere eating during the movie. Popcorn, potato chips, samosas and cold drink are sold in the dieatre lobby. I don’t understand why people buy food to eat during the movie. Also, coming attractions are shown) before .the movie. Another unusual thing was that at the end of the movie, nobody applauded. While the credits were being shown), people were leaving.

It was also strange for me that popcorn boxes and empty packets of potato chips were left on the floor of the theatre/cinema hall.

Anyway, in spite of all these surprises, I enjoyed the movie very much.
Answer:
(i) Five active sentences from the text:

1. I invited two of my friends to go with me.
2. We went to a new movie theater/cinema hall in Patna.
3. I was surprised that people were eating during the movie.
4. I don’t understand why people buy food to eat during the movie.
5. Anyway, in spite.of all these surprises, I enjoyed the movie very much.

(ii) Five Passive sentences from the text:

1. I was given three movie passes for my birthday
2. We say a movie that was directed by Prakash Jha.
3. This was my first time movie theatry/cineina hall and several things happened that were unusual for me.
4. Also, coming attractions are shown before the movie.
5. While the credits were being shown, people were leaving.

D. 2.2. Fill in the blanks With the passive voice of the verb, using the tense given in the brackets.

Example : (simple present; give)
The best actor is given an Oscar.

Question 1.
(simple present: see)
The awards ceremony by millions of people.
Answer:
is seen

Question 2.
(future : choose)
Which actor next year ?
Answer:
will be chosen

Question 3.
(simple past: give)
Salman Khan an award for Best Actor, for Dabang.
Answer:
was given

Question 4.
(modal : can: see)
The movie ‘ at many cinema halls.
Answer:
can be seen

Question 5.
(present continuous : show)
A good movie at the cinema hall ear my house,
Answer:
is being shown

Question 6.
(simple past: give)
In 2010, no award to an Indian actor.
Answer:
was given.

D. 2. 3. Change from active to passive. Do not mention the performer. Use the same tense as the underlined verb.

Example :
People will see the movie on TV.
Answer:
The movie will be seen on TV.

1. They gave A. R. Rahman an Oscar for his music in ‘Sluindog Millionaries,
2. Which actor will they choose next year ?
3. People have seen Amitabh Bachchan in many movies.
4. You should see ‘Robot’ on a big screen.
5. They are filming a new movie in Rajgir.
6. They don’t permit children uhder is to see some movie.
7. When did they make ‘Deewar’ ?

Answer:

1. An oscar will be given for music in ‘Slum dog Millionaries’.
2. Who will be chosen next year ?
3. Amitabh Bachchan has been seen in many movies.
4. Robot should be seen on a big screen.”
5. A new movie is being filmed in Rajgir.
6. Children under 18 are not permitted to see some movies.
7. When was Deewar made ?

D. 2. 4. The following sentences would be better in active voice because the performer is a specific person.

Change these sentences to active voice. Use the same tense. Gangtok is liked by me. I like Gangtok.

Question 1.

1. A video will be rented by me.
2. The video should be returned by me.
3. The winner was predicted by the reviewer.
4. The winner’s name is being announced by Amitabh Bachchan.
5. The Kami Benega Karorpati serial was being watched by me when my friend came.
6. Good movies have been made by Aamir Khan.
7. A Filmfare Award was won by Shahrukh Khan.
8. Was the music composed by A. R. Rahman ?
9. Were the tickets bought by you ?
10. The students will be shown a movie by the teacher.

Answer:

1. I will’rent a video.
2. I should return the video.
3. The reviwer predicted the winner.
4. Amitabh Bachchan is announcing the winner’s name.
5. I was watching the serial Kaun Banega Karorpati when my friend came.
6. Aarnir Khan has made good movies.
7. Shahrukh Khan won a Film fare Award.
8. Did A. R. Rahman compose the music ?
9. Did you buy the tickets ?
10. The teacher will show a movie to the students.

E. Let’s Listen, Write and Talk

Question 1. Listen to your teacher and complete the following table on Nagaland.
Answer:
Nagaland: Nagaland is a hill state located in the north eastern part of India. It has a population of 1,988,636 people, and a total area of 16,579 km. Thus, it is one of the smallest states of India. After the independence of India in 1947, the area remained a part of the province of Assam. In 1963, Nagaland officially became a state. It borders the state of Assam to the west, Arunachal Pradesh and part of Assam to the north, Myanmar to the east and Manipur to the south. The capital of Nagaland is Kohima. The largest city is Dimapur.

Nagaland is rich in flora and fauna. Pangolins, porcu-pines, elephants, leopards, bears, many species of monkeys, sambar, deers, oxen and buffaloes are abundantly found in the forests of Nagaland, The Great Indian Hombill is one of the most famous birds found in the state.

The tribes of Nagaland are Angami, Ao, Chakesang, Chang, Khienmungan, Kuki, Konyak, Ltha, Phom, Pochury, Rengma, Serna, Sangtam, Yimchunger and Zeliang. The Angamis, Aos, Konyaks and Sernas are the largest Naga tribes. English is the official language of Nagaland. The major languages of the State include Ao. Angami or Tenyidie, Chakesang, Chang, Khienmungan, Konyak, Lotha, Phom, Pochury, Rengma, Serna, Sangtam, Yimchunger, Liangemi, Kuki and Zeme. The contact or link language is Nagamese.

Weaving is a traditional art in Nagaland. Each of the major tribes has its own unique Resigns and colours. The tate produces shawls, shoulder bags, decorative spears, table mats, wood carvings and bamboo works. Tribaldances add colour and happiness to the lives of-the Naga people. War dances and dances belonging to distinctive tribes are a major art form in Nagaland.’

The man festivals of the various tribes are. Sekrenyi, Ngada, Nga-Ngai, Mimkut, Tsukhenyi, Nazu, Matsu, Aoling, Monyu, Nkanyulum, Metemneo, Amongmong, Tokhuemong and Tulurti.

Agriculture is the most important economic activity in Nagaland. The crops include rice, maize or com, milets, pulses, tobacco, oilseeds, sugarcane, potatoes and fibres.

Complete the table below:

Answer

Question 2. Talk about your own state Bihar.

Bihar, situated in the eastern part of India, is a state steeped in history and cultural heritage. With a population exceeding 122 million people and an area spanning approximately 94,163 square kilometers, it ranks among India’s most populous and densely populated states. The capital city, Patna, serves as Bihar’s political and administrative hub.

Bihar holds immense historical significance, being the birthplace of several ancient civilizations, including the Magadha Empire, which flourished around 600 BCE. The state is adorned with numerous archaeological sites and landmarks, such as the ancient Nalanda University, a renowned center of learning in antiquity.

Culturally, Bihar boasts a rich tapestry woven from diverse traditions and practices. Its festivals, including Chhath Puja, Sonepur Mela, and Bihar Diwas, showcase vibrant celebrations deeply rooted in religious and social customs. The state’s linguistic landscape reflects its diversity, with Hindi being the official language, while Bhojpuri, Maithili, and Magahi are widely spoken across different regions.

Agriculture forms the backbone of Bihar’s economy, with fertile plains irrigated by rivers like the Ganges supporting the cultivation of rice, wheat, pulses, and sugarcane. Additionally, Bihar has been making strides in industrial development, particularly in sectors like textiles, agriculture-based industries, and information technology.

Despite facing socio-economic challenges, Bihar continues to progress, driven by its resilient people and rich cultural heritage. Efforts in education, infrastructure, and economic diversification promise a brighter future for the state, as it strives to harness its potential and contribute to India’s growth story.

F. Composition

Question 1. Write a letter to your pen friend describing the beauty of the place where you live aiid request him to visit this place during summer vacation.
Answer:

Dear friend,

I hope you’re doing well. I’m writing to tell you about the beautiful place where I live and to invite you to visit during the upcoming summer vacation.

My town is nestled in a valley surrounded by lush green hills and forests. The fresh air and peaceful environment make it a wonderful place to relax and enjoy nature. One of the main attractions is the clear river flowing through the town, perfect for picnics and outdoor activities.

In summer, the town comes alive with colorful flowers blooming everywhere. The local markets are filled with fresh fruits and vegetables, adding to the charm of the place. There are also historical sites and cultural festivals showcasing our rich heritage.

I would love for you to experience the tranquility and beauty of my hometown. It would be a great chance for you to escape the hustle and bustle of the city and rejuvenate in the midst of nature. I’m sure you’ll create many wonderful memories during your visit.

Please let me know if you can come this summer. I’ll be happy to plan an exciting itinerary and show you around the hidden gems of our town.

Warm regards,
[Your Name]

G. Translation

हमारे राज्य का नाम बिहार है। यह देश के बड़े राज्यों में से एक है। इसकी राजधानी पटना है जो गंगा के तट पर स्थित है। यहाँ मुख्य रूप से हिन्दी भाषाएँ बोली जाती हैं। बिहार के लोगों का मुख्य पेशा कृषि है। यहाँ मुख्य रूप से चावल, गेहूँ, गन्ना, मक्का इत्यादि उपजाया जाता है।
Answer:
The name of our state is Bihar. It is one of the biggest states of the country. It’s capital is Patna which is situated on the bank of Ganga. Hindi languages are mainly spoken here. The main occupation of the people of Bihar is agriculture. Here mainly rice, wheat, sugarcane, maize are grown.

H. Activity

Question 1. Look at the map of India and list the mountainous states. Also find out the most popular tourist places in these statd. Which of them would you like to visit and why ?
Answer:
Some mountainous states of India are – Sikkim, Assam, Jammu-Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Jharkhand etc. Some popular tourist places – Kanchenjunga peak in Sikkim, Dal lake in Jammu and Kashmir etc.